Write IUPAC names of the following compounds: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii)

Write structures of the compounds whose IUPAC names are as follows: (I) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol (II) 1-Phenylpropan-2-ol (III) 3,5-Dimethylhexane -1, 3,5-triol (IV) 2,3 - Diethylphenol (V) 1 -Ethoxypropane (VI) 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpentane (VII) Cyclohexylmethanol (VIII) 3-Cyclohexylpentan-3-ol (IX) Cyclopent-3-en-1-ol (X) 3-Chloromethylpentan-1-ol.

(I) Draw the structures of all isomeric alcohols of molecular formula C₅H₁₂O and give their IUPACnames. (II) Classify the isomers of alcohols in question 11.3 (i) as primary, secondary and tertiaryalcohols.

Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon, butane?

Alcohols are comparatively more soluble in water than hydrocarbons of comparable molecular masses. Explain this fact.

What is meant by hydroboration-oxidation reaction? Illustrate it with an example.

Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, C₇H₈O.

While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Givereason.

Give the equations of reactions for the preparation of phenol from cumene.

Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.

Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.

You are given benzene, conc. H₂SO₄ and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using thesereagents.

Show how will you synthesize: (I) 1-phenylethanol from a suitablealkene. (II) cyclohexylmethanol using an alkyl halide by an S_N2reaction. (III) pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide?

Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of ethanol.

Explain why is ortho nitrophenol more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol?

Explain how does the -OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilicsubstitution?

Give equations of the following reactions: (I) Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO₄solution. (II) Bromine in CS₂ withphenol. (III) Dilute HNO₃ withphenol. (IV) Treating phenol with chloroform in presence of aqueous NaOH.

Explain the following with an example. (I) Kolbe’s reaction. (II) Reimer-Tiemannreaction. (III) Williamson ethersynthesis. (IV) Unsymmetricalether.

Write the mechanism of acid-catalysed dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene.

How are the following conversions carried out? (I) Propene ?Propan-2-ol (II) Benzyl chloride ? Benzylalcohol (III) Ethyl magnesium chloride ?Propan-1-ol. (IV) Methyl magnesium bromide ?2-Methylpropan-2-ol.

Name the reagents used in the following reactions: (I) Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylicacid. (II) Oxidation of a primary alcohol toaldehyde. (III) Bromination of phenol to2,4,6-tribromophenol. (IV) Benzyl alcohol to benzoicacid. (V) Dehydration of propan-2-ol topropene. (VI) Butan-2-one tobutan-2-ol.

Give reason for the higher boiling point of ethanol in comparison to methoxymethane.

Give IUPAC names of the following ethers: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

Write the names of reagents and equations for the preparation of the following ethers by Williamson’s synthesis: (I) 1-Propoxypropane (II) Ethoxybenzene (III) 2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane (IV) 1-Methoxyethane

Illustrate with examples the limitations of Williamson synthesis for the preparation of certain types of ethers.

How is 1-propoxypropane synthesised from propan-1-ol? Write mechanism of this reaction.

Preparation of ethers by acid dehydration of secondary or tertiary alcohols is not a suitable method. Give reason.

Write the equation of the reaction of hydrogen iodide with: (I) 1-propoxypropane (II) Methoxybenzeneand (III) Benzyl ethyl ether

Explain the fact that in aryl alkyl ethers (I) The alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitutionand (II) It directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzenering.

Write the mechanism of the reaction of HI with methoxymethane.

Write equations of the following reactions: (I) Friedel-Crafts reaction-alkylation ofanisole. (II) Nitration ofanisole. (III) Bromination of anisole in ethanoic acidmedium. (IV) Friedel-Craft’s acetylation ofanisole.

Show how would you synthesise the following alcohols from appropriate alkenes? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

When 3-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with HBr, the following reaction takes place: Give a mechanism for this reaction. (Hint : The secondary carbocation formed in step II rearranges to a more stable tertiary carbocation by a hydride ion shift from 3rd carbon atom.

Classify the following as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (I) (II)

Identify allylic alcohols in the above examples.

Name the following compounds according to IUPAC system. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)

Show how are the following alcohols prepared by the reaction of a suitable Grignard reagent on methanal? (i) (ii)

Write structures of the products of the following reactions: (i) (ii) (iii)

Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with (a) HCl-ZnCl₂ (b) HBr and (c) SOCl₂. (I) Butan-1-ol (II) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol

Predict the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of (I) 1-methylcyclohexanoland (II) butan-1-ol

Ortho and para nitrophenols are more acidic than phenol. Draw the resonance structures of the corresponding phenoxide ions.

Write the equations involved in the following reactions: (I) Reimer-Tiemannreaction (II) Kolbe’s reaction

Write the reactions of Williamson synthesis of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpentane starting from ethanol and 3-methylpentan-2-ol.

Which of the following is an appropriate set of reactants for the preparation of 1- methoxy-4-nitrobenzene and why? (i) (ii)

Predict the products of the following reactions: (i) (ii) (I) (II)